Before surgery, it is key to follow certain recommendations to ensure the best outcome and minimize risks. Proper preparation helps reduce complications and contributes to a faster and more effective recovery.
Preparation before surgery
Skin care and personal hygiene
One of the fundamental aspects before surgery is the condition of the skin. It is important to keep it clean and free of infections. In some cases, the doctor may recommend the use of antiseptic soaps in the previous days. It is also essential to avoid injuries or wounds in the area to be operated on. If the skin presents irritations or infections, it is advisable to consult the doctor to determine if it is necessary to postpone the surgery.
Hospital admission supplies
Preparing a bag with everything you need for admission makes your hospital stay easier. It is advisable to include comfortable clothing, personal hygiene items, medical documents and any medication you are taking as prescribed by your doctor. It is also useful to bring some entertainment, such as books or music, to make the waiting time and recovery in the hospital more bearable.
Questions answered and briefing session
Prior to surgery, the medical team usually offers briefings to explain the procedure, risks, benefits and aftercare. Taking advantage of this opportunity to clarify any doubts is key to facing the intervention with peace of mind. Asking about the type of anesthesia, the duration of the surgery and specific recommendations for the postoperative period can help you to be better prepared.
During surgery
Relaxation techniques and music therapy
Although the patient is usually under anesthesia, some studies have shown that music therapy can help reduce anxiety prior to surgery. Listening to relaxing music in the preoperative phase may contribute to a calmer emotional state and improve the overall experience of the surgical process.
Family accompaniment
In some hospitals, the patient may be accompanied by a family member until the last moment before entering the operating room. This provides emotional support and helps reduce the stress of the procedure. In surgeries with local anesthesia or sedation, some clinics even allow a family member to be present during the procedure.
Postoperative and hospital recovery
Hospital stay
Hospitalization time varies according to the type of surgery and the patient’s initial recovery. In minor interventions, discharge may occur the same day, while more complex procedures may require several days of hospitalization. During this phase, the medical team monitors vital signs, controls pain and evaluates the evolution of the wound.
Use of splints, crutches or orthoses
Depending on the type of surgery, it may be necessary to use support devices such as splints, crutches or orthoses to facilitate mobility and protect the operated area. These devices help avoid unnecessary strain and promote proper recovery.
Surgical wound care
Keeping the wound clean and dry is essential to prevent infection. Medical instructions on changing bandages and the use of disinfectant products should be followed to the letter. In addition, it is important to be aware of warning signs such as excessive redness, abnormal discharge or fever, and seek medical attention if they occur.
Controls and medical follow-up
After surgery, medical check-ups will be scheduled to evaluate the evolution of the recovery. At these visits, the physician will check wound healing, adjust treatment if necessary and address any concerns the patient may have about the recovery process.
Postoperative rehabilitation
Importance of physiotherapy
Rehabilitation is a fundamental stage to recover mobility and functionality after surgery. Physiotherapy helps to reduce stiffness, improve muscle strength and prevent complications such as adhesions or atrophy. Exercises should be started under professional supervision and adapted to the needs of each patient.
Progressive exercises
Depending on the type of intervention, the physician and physiotherapist will indicate a series of exercises that will help strengthen the affected area. It is crucial to follow a progressive exercise plan to avoid overload and promote a safe and effective recovery.
Continuous medical follow-up
Throughout rehabilitation, it is important to attend scheduled check-ups to assess progress and make adjustments in treatment if necessary. In some cases, it may be necessary to extend physical therapy or incorporate new recovery techniques.
Conclusion
Proper preparation before surgery, following medical indications during the postoperative period and commitment to rehabilitation are essential for a successful recovery. Each phase of the process has its importance, and a good medical follow-up will ensure that the patient can return to his or her daily life in the best possible way.
